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Sunan Abi Dawud 3243 (Book 22, Hadith 2) #23533
The Consequences of Taking Unfair Oaths

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the consequences of taking an oath to take someone else's property by unfair means.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: The Messenger of Allah said: He who swears an oath in which he tells a lie to take the property of a Muslim by unfair means, will meet Allah while He is angry with him. Al-Ash'ath said: I swear by Allah, he said this about me. There was some land between me and a Jew, but he denied it to me; so I presented him to the Prophet . The Prophet asked me: Have you any evidence? I replied: #He said to the Jew: Take an oath. I said: Messenger of Allah, now he will take an oath and take my property. So Allah, the Exalted, revealed the verse, "As for those who sell the faith they owe to Allah and their own plighted word for a small price, they shall have no portion in the hereafter".
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، وَهَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، - الْمَعْنَى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ شَقِيقٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ هُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لِيَقْتَطِعَ بِهَا مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ الأَشْعَثُ فِيَّ وَاللَّهِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَرْضٌ فَجَحَدَنِي فَقَدَّمْتُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ لِلْيَهُودِيِّ ‏"‏ احْلِفْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِذًا يَحْلِفُ وَيَذْهَبُ بِمَالِي فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ‏{‏ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً ‏}‏ إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ

TOPICS
oath  *  lie  *  property  *  unfair  *  yamin  *  kadhib  *  mal  *  zalim

QUICK LESSONS:
Do not swear false oaths; do not use deception or trickery when dealing with others; be honest; be truthful; practice justice and fairness when dealing with others.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith talks about the consequences of taking an oath to take someone else's property by unfair means. It was narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas'ud who said that the Messenger of Allah said that whoever swears an oath in which he tells a lie to take the property of a Muslim by unfair means will meet Allah while He is angry with him. Al-Ash'ath swore that this was said about him as there was some land between him and a Jew but he denied it to him so he presented his case to the Prophet. The Prophet asked for evidence and Al-Ash'ath replied that he asked for an oath from the Jew but feared that if he took it then his property would be taken away from him. As a result, Allah revealed a verse in which He warned against selling one's faith for a small price and promised them no portion in the hereafter if they did so. This hadith teaches us not only not to swear false oaths but also not to use any kind of deception or trickery when dealing with others as it can have serious consequences both in this world and in the hereafter.

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