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Sunan Abi Dawud 3064 (Book 20, Hadith 137) #23354
Assigning Fiefs and Protecting Land

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) assigned a man the mines of salt as fief, but when he was informed that it included a perennial spring water, he took it back from him. He then gave the man permission to have land with arak trees growing in it, as long as it was beyond the region where camel hoofs went.

Narrated Abyad ibn Hammal: Abyad went to the Messenger of Allah and asked him for assigning him (the mines of) salt as fief. (The narrator Ibn al-Mutawakkil said: which was in Ma'arib) So he assigned it to him as a fief. When he returned, a man in the meeting asked: Do you know what you have assigned him as a fief? You have assigned him the perennial spring water. So he took it back from him. He asked him about protecting land which had arak trees growing in it. He replied: He could have such as was beyond the region where the hoofs (of camels) went. The narrator Ibn al-Mutwakkil said: "that is the camel hoofs".
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ الْعَسْقَلاَنِيُّ، - الْمَعْنَى وَاحِدٌ - أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَحْيَى بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْمَأْرِبِيَّ، حَدَّثَهُمْ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ ثُمَامَةَ بْنِ شُرَاحِيلَ، عَنْ سُمَىِّ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ شُمَيْرٍ، - قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ ابْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَدَانِ - عَنْ أَبْيَضَ بْنِ حَمَّالٍ، أَنَّهُ وَفَدَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَاسْتَقْطَعَهُ الْمِلْحَ - قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ الَّذِي بِمَأْرِبَ - فَقَطَعَهُ لَهُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ وَلَّى قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمَجْلِسِ أَتَدْرِي مَا قَطَعْتَ لَهُ إِنَّمَا قَطَعْتَ لَهُ الْمَاءَ الْعِدَّ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَانْتَزَعَ مِنْهُ قَالَ وَسَأَلَهُ عَمَّا يُحْمَى مِنَ الأَرَاكِ قَالَ ‏"‏ مَا لَمْ تَنَلْهُ خِفَافٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ ‏"‏ أَخْفَافُ الإِبِلِ

TOPICS
fief  *  salt  *  water  *  trees  *  hoofs  *  iqta  *  maarib  *  araq

QUICK LESSONS:
Be mindful while assigning something to someone or protecting something from being taken away by others; make sure your actions are fair and just so no one is wronged or taken advantage of .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how Prophet Muhammad ﷺ assigned fiefs to people and protected land with arak trees growing in them. When Abyad ibn Hammal asked for assigning him the mines of salt as fief, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ agreed and gave him permission to have such land which had arak trees growing in it, provided that it was beyond the region where camel hoofs went. This teaches us that we should be careful while assigning something to someone or protecting something from being taken away by others; we should make sure that our actions are fair and just so no one is wronged or taken advantage of. We should also be mindful of our environment and take care not to harm any living creatures or their habitats while taking any action related to them.

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