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Sunan Abi Dawud 2979 (Book 20, Hadith 52) #23269
Division of Fifth in Islam

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) divided the fifth among the Banu Hashim and Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib, but not among the Banu 'Abd Shams and Banu Nawfal. Abu Bakr and Umar followed this practice, except that they did not give to the relatives of the Prophet as much as he did.

Narrated Jubair b. Mu'tim: The Messenger of Allah did not divide the fifth among the Banu 'Abd Shams and Banu Nawfal as he divided among the Banu Hashim and Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib. He said: Abu Bakr used to divide (the fifth) like the division of the Messenger of Allah , except that he did not give the relatives of the Messenger of Allah as the Messenger of Allah himself gave them'.Umar used to give them (from the fifth) and those who followed him.
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، حَدَّثَنَا جُبَيْرُ بْنُ مُطْعِمٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ يَقْسِمْ لِبَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ وَلاَ لِبَنِي نَوْفَلٍ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ شَيْئًا كَمَا قَسَمَ لِبَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَقْسِمُ الْخُمُسَ نَحْوَ قَسْمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُعْطِي قُرْبَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ كَمَا كَانَ يُعْطِيهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يُعْطِيهِمْ وَمَنْ كَانَ بَعْدَهُ مِنْهُمْ

TOPICS
division  *  fifth  *  islam  *  khamsah  *  taksir  *  aldin  *  rasulullahi  *  allah

QUICK LESSONS:
Be generous with your wealth when it comes to helping your family members or those who are close to you; Distribute your wealth fairly according to Islamic teachings; Follow in the footsteps of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains how Muslims should divide their fifth according to Islamic teachings. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ divided his fifth between two tribes, namely Banu Hashim and Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib. He gave more to his relatives than he gave to others. After him, Abu Bakr and Umar followed this practice but they did not give as much as what was given by the Prophet himself. This hadith teaches us that we should be generous with our wealth when it comes to helping our family members or those who are close to us. We should also be mindful of how we distribute our wealth so that everyone gets a fair share according to Islamic teachings.

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