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Sunan Abi Dawud 2977 (Book 20, Hadith 50) #23267
Charity Over Inheritance

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) taught that whatever is left behind after death should be given as charity and not inherited, and the property of the family of Muhammad should be used for their emergent needs and guests.

A similar tradition has been narrated by Ibn Shihab through a different chain of narrators. This version says: I said: Do you not fear Allah ? Did you not hear the Messenger of Allah say: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah (alms). This property belongs to the family of Muhammad for their emergent needs and their guest. When I die, it will go to him who becomes ruler after me.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ فَارِسٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ قُلْتُ أَلاَ تَتَّقِينَ اللَّهَ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّمَا هَذَا الْمَالُ لآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ لِنَائِبَتِهِمْ وَلِضَيْفِهِمْ فَإِذَا مِتُّ فَهُوَ إِلَى مَنْ وَلِيَ الأَمْرَ مِنْ بَعْدِي

TOPICS
charity  *  needs  *  guests  *  property

QUICK LESSONS:
Give away inheritance as charity; Use property from family of Prophet Muhammad for emergent needs & guests; Obey rulers .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us that whatever we leave behind after our death should be given away as charity instead of being inherited by our family members. It also teaches us to use the property of the family of Prophet Muhammad for their emergent needs and guests. Emergent needs refer to those things which are necessary for survival such as food, clothing, shelter etc., while guests refer to people who come over to visit or stay with us temporarily. We must take care of them by providing them with what they need during their stay with us. This hadith also tells us that when Prophet Muhammad passes away, his property will go to whoever becomes ruler after him. This shows how important it is for Muslims to obey their rulers in order to maintain peace in society.

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