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Sunan Abi Dawud 2975 (Book 20, Hadith 48) #23265
Charity Over Inheritance

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) family not being entitled to his inheritance, and that all of his property was to be given as charity.

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab: AbulBakhtari said: I heard from a man a tradition which I liked. I said to him: Write it down for me. So he brought it clearly written to me. (It says): Al-Abbas and Ali entered upon Umar when Talhah, az-Zubayr, AbdurRahman and Sa'd were with him. They (Abbas and Ali) were disputing. Umar said to Talhah, az-Zubayr, AbdurRahman and Sa'd: Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah said: All the property of the Prophet is sadaqah (alms), except what he provided for his family for their sustenance and their clothing. We are not to be inherited. They said: Yes, indeed. He said: The Messenger of Allah used to spend from his property on his family, and give the residue as sadaqah (alms). The Messenger of Allah then died, and AbuBakr ruled for two years. He would deal with it in the same manner as the Messenger of Allah did. He then mentioned a little from the tradition of Malik ibn Aws.
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ حَدِيثًا، مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَأَعْجَبَنِي فَقُلْتُ اكْتُبْهُ لِي فَأَتَى بِهِ مَكْتُوبًا مُذَبَّرًا دَخَلَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَعَلِيٌّ عَلَى عُمَرَ وَعِنْدَهُ طَلْحَةُ وَالزُّبَيْرُ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَسَعْدٌ وَهُمَا يَخْتَصِمَانِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِطَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَسَعْدٍ أَلَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏ "‏ كُلُّ مَالِ النَّبِيِّ صَدَقَةٌ إِلاَّ مَا أَطْعَمَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَكَسَاهُمْ إِنَّا لاَ نُورَثُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا بَلَى ‏.‏ قَالَ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يُنْفِقُ مِنْ مَالِهِ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِفَضْلِهِ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَوَلِيَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَنَتَيْنِ فَكَانَ يَصْنَعُ الَّذِي كَانَ يَصْنَعُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ شَيْئًا مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ

TOPICS
charity  *  inheritance  *  sad  *  sadaqah  *  wirasat  *  pbuh  *  muhammad  *  bakr  *  talhah  *  zubayr  *  abdurrahman

QUICK LESSONS:
Prioritize giving your wealth in charity over leaving it as an inheritance for your families; Follow in the footsteps of our beloved prophet (ﷺ) by donating whatever you can; Help those who are less fortunate than you; Be generous with your resources; Show compassion towards others; Be selfless with your possessions.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks of the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ regarding charity and inheritance. According to this hadith, when the Prophet ﷺ passed away he left behind a large amount of wealth which was meant for charity rather than for his family. He also instructed that Abu Bakr should continue this practice during his two year rule after him. This teaches us that we should prioritize giving our wealth in charity over leaving it as an inheritance for our families. We should also strive to follow in the footsteps of our beloved prophet ﷺ by donating whatever we can in order to help those who are less fortunate than us.

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