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Sunan Abi Dawud 2967 (Book 20, Hadith 40) #23257
Dividing Properties for the Benefit of Others

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) received three properties exclusively to himself, which he divided among Muslims, his family and the poor.

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab: Malik ibn Aws al-Hadthan said: One of the arguments put forward by Umar was that he said that the Messenger of Allah received three things exclusively to himself: Banu an-Nadir, Khaybar and Fadak. The Banu an-Nadir property was kept wholly for his emergent needs, Fadak for travellers, and Khaybar was divided by the Messenger of Allah into three sections: two for Muslims, and one as a contribution for his family. If anything remained after making the contribution of his family, he divided it among the poor Emigrants.
حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْمَهْرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ عِيسَى، - وَهَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِ - كُلُّهُمْ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، قَالَ كَانَ فِيمَا احْتَجَّ بِهِ عُمَرُ رضى الله عنه أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ثَلاَثُ صَفَايَا بَنُو النَّضِيرِ وَخَيْبَرُ وَفَدَكُ فَأَمَّا بَنُو النَّضِيرِ فَكَانَتْ حُبْسًا لِنَوَائِبِهِ وَأَمَّا فَدَكُ فَكَانَتْ حُبْسًا لأَبْنَاءِ السَّبِيلِ وَأَمَّا خَيْبَرُ فَجَزَّأَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَجْزَاءٍ جُزْءَيْنِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَجُزْءًا نَفَقَةً لأَهْلِهِ فَمَا فَضَلَ عَنْ نَفَقَةِ أَهْلِهِ جَعَلَهُ بَيْنَ فُقَرَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ

TOPICS
muslimin  *  property  *  division  *  muslims  *  family  *  emigrants  *  amwal  *  tafawut  *  bayt  *  masakin

QUICK LESSONS:
Be generous when sharing your wealth .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about how the Prophet Muhammad PBUH received three properties exclusively to himself; Banu an-Nadir, Khaybar and Fadak. He kept Banu an-Nadir property wholly for his emergent needs, Fadak for travellers, and Khaybar was divided by him into three sections; two for Muslims and one as a contribution for his family. If anything remained after making the contribution of his family, he divided it among the poor Emigrants. This hadith teaches us that we should be generous with our wealth by sharing it with those in need or those who are less fortunate than us. It also teaches us that we should not be selfish with our wealth but rather use it to benefit others as well as ourselves. We can learn from this hadith that even if we have limited resources at our disposal, we can still make a difference in other people’s lives by being generous with what we have been blessed with.

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