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Sunan Abi Dawud 2740 (Book 15, Hadith 264) #23030
Spoils of War Belong to Allah and the Apostle

SUMMARY: The Prophet (PBUH) taught that the spoils of war belong to Allah and the Apostle, and that they should not be taken for personal gain.

Mus’ab bin Sa’d reported on the authority of his father (Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas) "I brought a sword to the Prophetﷺ on the day of the Badr and I said (to him) Apostle of Allaahﷺ , Allaah has healed up my breast from the enemy today, so give me this sword. He said "This sword is neither mine nor yours. I then went away saying "today this will be given to a man who has not been put to trial like me. Meanwhile a messenger and came to me and said "Respond, I thought something was revealed about me owing to my speech. I came and the Prophet ﷺ said to me "You asked me for this sword, but this was neither mine nor yours. Now Allaah has given it to me, hence it is yours. He then recited "they ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war. Say "(Such) spoils are at the disposal of Allaah and the Apostle. Abu Dawud said "According to the reading of the Qur’an of Ibn Mas’ud the verse goes. They ask thee concerning (things taken as ) spoils of war.
حَدَّثَنِي هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ جِئْتُ إِلَى النَّبِي ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ بِسَيْفٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ شَفَى صَدْرِي الْيَوْمَ مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ فَهَبْ لِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ هَذَا السَّيْفَ لَيْسَ لِي وَلاَ لَكَ ‏"‏ فَذَهَبْتُ وَأَنَا أَقُولُ يُعْطَاهُ الْيَوْمَ مَنْ لَمْ يُبْلِ بَلاَئِي ‏.‏ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا إِذْ جَاءَنِي الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ أَجِبْ ‏.‏ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَىْءٌ بِكَلاَمِي فَجِئْتُ فَقَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ‏"‏ إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ لِي وَلاَ لَكَ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ لِي فَهُوَ لَكَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ ‏{‏ يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ ‏}‏ إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ قِرَاءَةُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ يَسْأَلُونَكَ النَّفْلَ
TOPICS
spoils  *  war  *  disposal  *  prophet  *  fay  *  alharb  *  tadbir  *  wasallam  *  alquran  *  masud  *  quran

QUICK LESSONS:
Use resources wisely & with respect for others

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how spoils from a war should be handled. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ taught that these spoils belong to Allah and His apostle, meaning they should not be taken for personal gain or benefit. He also recited a verse from the Quran which states this same idea. This hadith teaches us an important lesson about how we should handle our possessions in times of war or conflict; we must remember that everything belongs to God, so it is important to use our resources wisely and with respect for others. We must also remember that even in times of conflict, we are still responsible for treating each other with kindness and respect as God has commanded us to do so in His holy book.

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