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Sunan Abi Dawud 2718 (Book 15, Hadith 242) #23008
Permissibility of Killing Non-Believers and Taking Spoils of War

SUMMARY: Killing non-believers is permissible and the spoils of war can be taken as a reward.

Anas reported the Apostle of Allaah as saying "He who kills and infidel gets his spoil". Abu Talhah killed twenty men that day meaning the day of Hunain and got their spoils. Abu Talhah met Umm Sulaim who had a dagger with her. He asked "What is with you, Umm Sulaim"? She replied "I swear by Allaah, I intended that if anyone came near me I would pierce his belly with it. Abu Talhah informed the Apostle of Allaahabout it. Abu Dawud said "This is good (hasan) tradition". Abu Dawud said "By this was meant dagger. The weapon used by the Non – Arabs in those days was dagger".
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ - يَعْنِي يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ - ‏ "‏ مَنْ قَتَلَ كَافِرًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَتَلَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلاً وَأَخَذَ أَسْلاَبَهُمْ وَلَقِيَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ وَمَعَهَا خِنْجَرٌ فَقَالَ يَا أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ مَا هَذَا مَعَكِ قَالَتْ أَرَدْتُ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ دَنَا مِنِّي بَعْضُهُمْ أَبْعَجُ بِهِ بَطْنَهُ ‏.‏ فَأَخْبَرَ بِذَلِكَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ أَرَدْنَا بِهَذَا الْخِنْجَرَ وَكَانَ سِلاَحَ الْعَجَمِ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْخِنْجَرُ

TOPICS
killing  *  nonbeliever  *  spoils  *  war  *  qatil  *  kafir  *  fai  *  harb

QUICK LESSONS:
Kill non believers in times of war

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the permissibility of killing non-believers in times of war, and taking their spoils as a reward. The hadith was narrated by Anas, who reported that the Prophet Muhammad said that whoever kills an infidel will get their spoils. Abu Talhah was an example given in this hadith, who killed twenty men on the day of Hunain and got their spoils. Umm Sulaim also showed her bravery by carrying a dagger to protect herself if anyone came near her. Abu Talhah informed Prophet Muhammad about it, which he approved off with his statement “This is good tradition” according to Abu Dawud. This shows us that it is permissible to kill non-believers in times of war, but also highlights how brave Umm Sulaim was for protecting herself from any harm coming her way during battle time.

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