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Sunan Abi Dawud 2646 (Book 15, Hadith 170) #22936
Lightening of Task for Muslims

SUMMARY: This hadith explains how the verse "If there are twenty amongst you patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred" was revealed and how it was lightened to make it easier for Muslims.

Ibn 'Abbas said "When the verse "If there are twenty amongst you patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred" was revealed. It was heavy and troublesome for Muslims when Allaah prescribed for them that one (fighting Muslim) should not fly from ten (fighting Non-Muslims). Then a light commandment was revealed saying "For the present Allaah hath lightened your (task)". The narrator Abu Tawbah recited the verse to "they will vanquish two hundred". When Allaah lightened the number, patient and perseverance also decreased according to the number lightened from them".
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو تَوْبَةَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ خِرِّيتٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ نَزَلَتْ ‏{‏ إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ ‏}‏ فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ حِينَ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ لاَ يَفِرَّ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جَاءَ تَخْفِيفٌ فَقَالَ ‏{‏ الآنَ خَفَّفَ اللَّهُ عَنْكُمْ ‏}‏ قَرَأَ أَبُو تَوْبَةَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ ‏}‏ قَالَ فَلَمَّا خَفَّفَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمْ مِنَ الْعِدَّةِ نَقَصَ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ بِقَدْرِ مَا خَفَّفَ عَنْهُمْ
TOPICS
patience  *  perseverance  *  commandment  *  lighten  *  sabr  *  istiqaamah  *  amr  *  tafriqii

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive towards patience & perseverance even when faced with difficult tasks .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith talks about a verse in the Quran that states if there are twenty amongst you who are patient and perseverant, they will be able to defeat two hundred. When this commandment was revealed, it seemed too difficult for Muslims to follow as one Muslim would have to fight ten non-Muslims. However, Allaah then lightened the task by reducing the number of non-Muslims each Muslim would have to fight. The hadith also implies that when Allaah lightened the task, patience and perseverance also decreased according to the number reduced from them. This teaches us that we should always strive towards patience and perseverance even when faced with difficult tasks as Allah may reduce our burden if we remain steadfast in our faith.

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