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Sunan Abi Dawud 2400 (Book 14, Hadith 88) #22691
Fulfilling Vowed Fasts After Death

SUMMARY: If someone dies before they can fulfill a fast that was due from them, their heir should fast on their behalf.

Narrated 'Aishah: The Prophet as saying: If anyone dies when some fast is due from him (ie which he could not keep) his heir must fast on his behalf. Abu Dawud said: This applies to the fast which a man vows ; and this is the opinion of Ahmad b. Hanbal.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ قَالَ ‏ "‏ مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامٌ صَامَ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ هَذَا فِي النَّذْرِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ

TOPICS
fast  *  vow  *  heir

QUICK LESSONS:
Fulfill your obligations even after death

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks to the importance of fulfilling vows and obligations even after death. It is narrated by 'Aishah that the Prophet said if anyone dies when some fast is due from them, then their heir must fast on their behalf. This means that if someone has made a vow to complete a certain number of days of fasting but passes away before they can fulfill it, then it is up to the heir or inheritor to complete those days in order for the deceased's vow to be fulfilled. This hadith teaches us about responsibility and accountability even after death and how important it is for us as Muslims to fulfill our obligations no matter what happens in life.

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