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Sunan Abi Dawud 2310 (Book 13, Hadith 136) #22601
The Greatest Sins According to Prophet Muhammad

SUMMARY: The gravest sin is associating someone with Allah, and the second gravest sin is committing adultery with the wife of your neighbor.

'Abd Allaah (bin Masud) said "I asked Apostle of Allaahﷺ which sin is the gravest?" He replied "That you associate someone with Allaah, while He has created you". I again asked "Which then?" He replied "That you commit adultery with the wife of your neighbor". Allaah then revealed the following Qur’anic verse in support of the statement of the Prophet ﷺ "Those who invoke not with Allaah any other god nor slay such life as Allaah has made sacred except for just cause nor commit fornication".
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَىُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهُوَ خَلَقَكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ ثُمَّ أَىٌّ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مَعَكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ أَىٌّ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَنْ تُزَانِيَ حَلِيلَةَ جَارِكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى تَصْدِيقَ قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ‏{‏ وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلاَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ وَلاَ يَزْنُونَ ‏}‏ الآيَةَ
TOPICS
shirk  *  sin  *  adultery  *  khatiah  *  zina

QUICK LESSONS:
Worship only God; Remain loyal in marriage; Follow Quran verse 25:68
EXPLANATIONS:
In this hadith, 'Abd Allaah bin Masud asked Prophet Muhammad which sin was the gravest. Prophet Muhammad replied that it was associating someone with Allah, while He has created you. This means that one should not worship anyone or anything other than Allah as He is the only one worthy of worship. Furthermore, he said that committing adultery with the wife of your neighbor was also a grave sin. This means that one should not be unfaithful to their spouse and should remain loyal in marriage. These teachings are found in Quran verse 25:68 which states “Those who invoke not with Allaah any other god nor slay such life as Allaah has made sacred except for just cause nor commit fornication”. Thus, this hadith teaches us about two major sins and encourages us to stay away from them in order to please God and lead a righteous life on earth.

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