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Sunan Abi Dawud 2199 (Book 13, Hadith 25) #22490
Ruling on Divorce During the Time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the ruling of divorce during the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), Abu Bakr and Umar's caliphate, where a man divorcing his wife by three pronouncements before sexual intercourse was considered as a single divorce.

Tawus said A man called Abu Al Sahba used to ask Ibn 'Abbas questions frequently. He asked "Do you know that when a man divorced his wife by three pronouncement before sexual intercourse with her, they (the people) made it a single divorce during the time of the Apostle of Allaah, of Abu Bakr and in the early phase of the caliphate of 'Umar?" Ibn "Abbas said "Yes, when a man divorced his wife by three pronouncement before sexual intercourse they made it a single divorce during the time of the Apostle of Allaah, of Abu Bakr and in the early phase of the caliphate of 'Umar. When he saw that the people frequently divorced (by three pronouncements) he said "Make them operative on them (ie, on women)".
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ غَيْرِ، وَاحِدٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو الصَّهْبَاءِ كَانَ كَثِيرَ السُّؤَالِ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ إِذَا طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلاَثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا جَعَلُوهَا وَاحِدَةً عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَصَدْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَةِ عُمَرَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بَلَى كَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلاَثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا جَعَلُوهَا وَاحِدَةً عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَصَدْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَةِ عُمَرَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى النَّاسَ قَدْ تَتَابَعُوا فِيهَا قَالَ أَجِيزُوهُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ

TOPICS
divorce  *  pronouncement  *  caliphate  *  ruling  *  talaaq  *  qawl  *  khilafah  *  hukm

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow Islamic rulings regarding marriage and family matters ; Be mindful when making decisions ; Be aware of long-term effects ; Take caution with hasty actions .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith talks about the ruling on divorce during the time of Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him). It states that when a man divorced his wife by three pronouncements before sexual intercourse with her it was considered as a single divorce. This ruling was in effect during the time of Prophet Muhammad(PBUH) and Abu Bakr's caliphate and in early phase of Umar's caliphate. When people started to frequently use this method for divorcing their wives, Umar made it an operative rule for them. The main idea behind this hadith is that one should be careful while taking any decision related to marriage or divorce because it has long-term effects on both parties involved. It also teaches us to be mindful while making decisions so that we don't have to regret later on due to our hasty actions.

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