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Sunan Abi Dawud 2185 (Book 13, Hadith 11) #22476
Divorcing During Menstruation

SUMMARY: The hadith discusses the situation of a man divorcing his wife while she is menstruating and the Prophet's ﷺ command to take her back until she is purified.

Abdur Rahman ibn Ayman, the client of Urwah, asked Ibn Umar and Abu al-Zubayr was was listening: What do you think if a man divorces his wife while she is menstruating? He said: Abdullah ibn Umar divorced his wife while she was menstruating during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.So Umar asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: Abdullah ibn Umar divorced his wife while she was menstruating. Abdullah said: He returned her to me and did not count it (the pronouncement) anything. He said: When she is purified, he may divorce her or keep her with him. Ibn Umar said: The Prophet ﷺ recited the Qur'anic verse: O Prophet, when you divorce women, divorce them in the beginning of their waiting period". Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by Yunus b. Jubair, Anas b. Sirin b. Jubair, Zaid b. Aslam, Abu al-Zubair and Mansur from Abu Wa'il on the authority of Ibn 'Umar. They all agreed on the theme that the Prophet ﷺ commanded him to take her back (and keep her) till she was purified. Then if he desired, he might divorce her or keep her with him if he wanted to do so. The version narrated by al-Zuhri from Salim from Nafi' on the authority of Ibn 'Umar has: The Prophet ﷺ commanded him to take her back (and keep her) till she is purified, and then has menstrual discharge, and then she is purified. Then if he desires, he may divorce her and if he desires he may keep her. Abu Dawud said: A version like that of Nafi' and al-Zuhri has also been transmitted by 'Ata al-Khurasani from al-Hasan on the authority of Ibn 'Umar. All the versions of this tradition contradict the one narrated by Abu al-Zubair.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَيْمَنَ، مَوْلَى عُرْوَةَ يَسْأَلُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ وَأَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ يَسْمَعُ قَالَ كَيْفَ تَرَى فِي رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ حَائِضًا قَالَ طَلَّقَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَهِيَ حَائِضٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَ عُمَرُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَهِيَ حَائِضٌ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَرَدَّهَا عَلَىَّ وَلَمْ يَرَهَا شَيْئًا وَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِذَا طَهُرَتْ فَلْيُطَلِّقْ أَوْ لِيُمْسِكْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَقَرَأَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ‏{‏ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ ‏}‏ فِي قُبُلِ عِدَّتِهِنَّ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ يُونُسُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ وَأَنَسُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ وَأَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ وَمَنْصُورٌ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ مَعْنَاهُمْ كُلُّهُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُرَاجِعَهَا حَتَّى تَطْهُرَ ثُمَّ إِنْ شَاءَ طَلَّقَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَمَّا رِوَايَةُ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ وَنَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُرَاجِعَهَا حَتَّى تَطْهُرَ ثُمَّ تَحِيضَ ثُمَّ تَطْهُرَ ثُمَّ إِنْ شَاءَ طَلَّقَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ نَحْوُ رِوَايَةِ نَافِعٍ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ وَالأَحَادِيثُ كُلُّهَا عَلَى خِلاَفِ مَا قَالَ أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ
TOPICS
divorce  *  menstruation  *  purification

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect your spouse regardless of physical state ; Think carefully before taking action regarding divorce ; Treat your spouse with kindness & compassion at all times ; Follow Islamic teachings about marriage & divorce matters

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses a situation in which a man divorces his wife while she is menstruating and what should be done in such a case according to Islamic teachings. According to this hadith narrated by several companions of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ including Abdullah ibn Umar and Abu Dawud among others it was commanded that if such an event occurs then he should take her back until she is purified and then if he desires he may divorce her or keep her with him as per his wish. This teaches us that even though divorce is permissible in Islam it should not be taken lightly or done without thought as it has serious consequences for both parties involved especially when children are involved so one must think carefully before taking any action regarding divorce in Islam. Furthermore this also teaches us that we must respect our wives even during their menstrual cycle as they are still our wives regardless of their physical state at any given time so we must treat them with kindness and compassion at all times no matter what state they are in physically or emotionally.

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