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Sunan Abi Dawud 2129 (Book 12, Hadith 84) #22420
Entitlement of Dower and Gifts

SUMMARY: A woman is entitled to receive a dower, reward or promise before marriage and whatever is given after marriage belongs to the recipient. A man is more entitled to receive a gift on behalf of his daughter or sister than other kinds of gifts.

'Amr b. Shu'aib on his father's authority said that his grandfather reported The Messenger of Allah said: A woman who marries on a dower or a reward or a promise before the solemnization of marriage is entitled to it; and whatever is fixed for her after solemnization of marriage belongs to whom it is given. A man is more entitled to receive a thing given as a gift on account of his daughter or sister (than other kinds of gifts).
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَعْمَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ الْبُرْسَانِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ نُكِحَتْ عَلَى صَدَاقٍ أَوْ حِبَاءٍ أَوْ عِدَةٍ قَبْلَ عِصْمَةِ النِّكَاحِ فَهُوَ لَهَا وَمَا كَانَ بَعْدَ عِصْمَةِ النِّكَاحِ فَهُوَ لِمَنْ أُعْطِيَهُ وَأَحَقُّ مَا أُكْرِمَ عَلَيْهِ الرَّجُلُ ابْنَتُهُ أَوْ أُخْتُهُ

TOPICS
wad  *  marriage  *  reward  *  promise  *  gift  *  zawaj  *  mahr  *  jaza  *  hadiyyah  *  dower

QUICK LESSONS:
Give fair entitlements according to Islamic teachings; Respect women/daughters/sisters; Give special privileges for daughters/sisters when receiving gifts from family members

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the entitlement of dowers, rewards, promises and gifts in relation to marriage. According to this hadith, a woman who marries on a dower or reward or promise before the solemnization of marriage is entitled to it; and whatever is fixed for her after solemnization of marriage belongs to whom it is given. Additionally, this hadith states that a man has more entitlement over receiving things as gifts on account of his daughter or sister than other kinds of gifts. This hadith teaches us about fairness in terms of giving out rewards and entitlements when it comes to marriages as well as emphasizing the importance placed upon daughters and sisters in Islam by granting them special privileges when it comes to receiving gifts from their family members.

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