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Sunan Abi Dawud 1576 (Book 9, Hadith 21) #21868
Poll-Tax in Yemen

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ sent Mu'adh ibn Jabal to the Yemen and instructed him to take a certain number of cattle and a dinar or cloths of equivalent value from every adult unbeliever as a poll-tax.

Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: When the Prophet sent him to the Yemen, he ordered him to take a male or a female calf a year old for every thirty cattle and a cow in its third year for every forty, and one dinar for every adult (unbeliever as a poll-tax) or cloths of equivalent value manufactured in the Yemen.
حَدَّثَنَا النُّفَيْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ مُعَاذٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ لَمَّا وَجَّهَهُ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِنْ كُلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ - يَعْنِي مُحْتَلِمًا - دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلَهُ مِنَ الْمَعَافِرِ ثِيَابٌ تَكُونُ بِالْيَمَنِ

TOPICS
cattle  *  cloths  *  unbelievers  *  yemen  *  alanam  *  qabaa  *  kafirun  *  alman  *  polltax

QUICK LESSONS:
Treat people who are different than you with respect even during taxation

EXPLANATIONS:
The hadith narrated by Mu'adh ibn Jabal tells us that when the Prophet sent him to the Yemeni region, he gave him instructions on how to collect taxes from unbelievers. He told him to take one male or female calf aged one year for every thirty cattle and one cow aged three years for every forty. Additionally, he was instructed to take one dinar or cloths of equivalent value manufactured in the Yemen from each adult unbeliever as a poll tax. This is an example of how Muslims were expected to treat non-Muslims with respect even during taxation. It teaches us that we should be fair and just when dealing with people who are different than us in terms of faith or beliefs.

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