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Sunan Abi Dawud 1296 (Book 5, Hadith 47) #21588
Perfecting Prayer

SUMMARY: Prayer should be offered in two rak'ahs and the tashahhud should be recited at the end of two rak'ahs with humility and distress.

Narrated Muttalib: The Prophet said: Prayer is to be offered in two rak'ahs; and you should recite the tashahhud at the end of two rak'ahs, and express your distress and humility and raise your hands and say praying: O Allah, O Allah. He who does not do so does not offer a perfect prayer. Abu Dawud was asked about offering prayer at night in two rak'ahs. He said: They may be two if you like and four if you like.
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ رَبِّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ أَبِي أَنَسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ ‏ "‏ الصَّلاَةُ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى أَنْ تَشَهَّدَ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَأَنْ تَبَاءَسَ وَتَمَسْكَنَ وَتُقْنِعَ بِيَدَيْكَ وَتَقُولَ اللَّهُمَّ اللَّهُمَّ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ سُئِلَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ عَنْ صَلاَةِ اللَّيْلِ مَثْنَى قَالَ إِنْ شِئْتَ مَثْنَى وَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَرْبَعًا

TOPICS
humility  *  distress  *  rakaa  *  tasbeeh  *  altawadu  *  attasheehd  *  attasbeeh  *  salat  *  rakah  *  tashahhud

QUICK LESSONS:
Offer prayers with devotion & humility; Raise your hands towards heaven while praying; Recite tashahhud at the end of each unit of prayer .

EXPLANATIONS:
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ taught us that prayer is to be offered in two rak’ahs, which are units of prayer. At the end of these two units, we must recite a special phrase called tashahhud, which is a declaration of faith and devotion to Allah. We must also express our distress and humility while saying this phrase, raising our hands towards heaven as if asking for help from Allah. If we do not do this perfectly then our prayer will not be accepted by Allah. Abu Dawud was asked about offering night prayers in two or four rak’ahs; he said that it can either be done in two or four depending on what you prefer.

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