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Sunan Abi Dawud 1026 (Book 2, Hadith 637) #21318
Doubting Prayer Rak'ahs

SUMMARY: When one is uncertain about the number of rak'ahs they have prayed, they should pray an additional rak'ah and make two prostrations before giving salutation.

Narrated Ata' ibn Yasar: The Prophet said: When one of you is in doubt about his prayer, and does not know how much he has prayed, three or four rak'ahs, he should pray one (additional) rak'ah and make two prostrations while sitting before giving the salutation. If the (additional) rak'ah which he prayed is the fifth one, he will make it an even number by these two prostrations. If it is the fourth one, the two prostrations will be a disgrace for the devil.
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏ "‏ إِذَا شَكَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي صَلاَتِهِ فَلاَ يَدْرِي كَمْ صَلَّى ثَلاَثًا أَوْ أَرْبَعًا فَلْيُصَلِّ رَكْعَةً وَيَسْجُدْ سَجْدَتَيْنِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ قَبْلَ التَّسْلِيمِ فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الرَّكْعَةُ الَّتِي صَلَّى خَامِسَةً شَفَعَهَا بِهَاتَيْنِ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ رَابِعَةً فَالسَّجْدَتَانِ تَرْغِيمٌ لِلشَّيْطَانِ

TOPICS
prayer  *  doubt  *  prostration  *  salat  *  shakk  *  raka  *  sajdah  *  rakah

QUICK LESSONS:
Pray an additional rak’ah when uncertain of your prayer count; Make two prostrations while sitting before giving salutation; Have certainty in your prayers; Persevere through difficulty; Hope for reward from Allah SWT .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about prayer and how to handle it when one is in doubt. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said that if someone does not know how many rak’ahs they have prayed, then they should pray an additional rak’ah and make two prostrations while sitting before giving the salutation. If the additional rak’ah was the fifth one, then this would make it an even number by these two prostrations. If it was the fourth one, then these two prostrations would be a disgrace for Satan. This hadith teaches us that we must always be sure of our prayers and if we are ever in doubt, we should take extra precautions to ensure that our prayers are valid and accepted by Allah SWT. It also teaches us to never give up hope or despair when faced with difficulty as even a small action can bring great reward from Allah SWT.

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