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Sunan Abi Dawud 857 (Book 2, Hadith 467) #21148
Perfecting Prayer Through Ablution

SUMMARY: This hadith explains the importance of performing ablution and prayer correctly, with the proper recitation of Quran and utterance of takbir.

Narrated Rifa'ah ibn Rafi': A man entered the mosque. He then narrated the tradition like the one narrated in (No.855). This version is as follows: The Prophet said: The prayer of anyone is not perfect unless he performs ablution perfectly; he should then utter the takbir, and praise Allah, the Exalted, and admire Him; he should then recite the Qur'an as much as he desires. He should then say: "Allah is Most Great". Next he should bow so that all his joints return to their proper places. Then he should say: "Allah listens to the one who praises Him", and stand erect. He should then say:"Allah is most great," and should prostrate himself so that all his joints are completely at rest. Then he should say: "Allah is most great"; he should raise his head (at the end of prostration) till he sits erect. Then he should say: "Allah is most great"; then he should prostrate himself till all his joints return to their proper places. Then he should raise his head and say the takbir. When he does so, then his prayer is completed.
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَلاَّدٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ إِنَّهُ لاَ تَتِمُّ صَلاَةٌ لأَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ حَتَّى يَتَوَضَّأَ فَيَضَعَ الْوُضُوءَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ يَعْنِي مَوَاضِعَهُ ‏"‏ ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ وَيَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَعَزَّ وَيُثْنِي عَلَيْهِ وَيَقْرَأُ بِمَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ثُمَّ يَرْكَعُ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ مَفَاصِلُهُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوِيَ قَائِمًا ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ مَفَاصِلُهُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَيَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوِيَ قَاعِدًا ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ مَفَاصِلُهُ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ فَيُكَبِّرُ فَإِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ تَمَّتْ صَلاَتُهُ

TOPICS
prayer  *  ablution  *  recitation  *  utterance

QUICK LESSONS:
Perform ablutions perfectly before beginning prayer; utter takbir; praise Allah; recite Quran; bow down so that all joints return to their proper places; say "Allah listens to the one who praises Him" while standing erect; prostrate so that all joints are completely at rest; raise head till sitting erect again saying "Allah is most great"; prostrate again till all joints return to their proper places ; raise head saying takbir .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith emphasizes the importance of performing ablution and prayer correctly. It is important to perform ablutions perfectly before beginning prayer, as it is a prerequisite for a valid prayer. After this, one should utter the takbir, praise Allah, recite Quran as much as desired and then bow down so that all joints return to their proper places. Then one should say “Allah listens to the one who praises Him” while standing erect. After this comes prostration where all joints must be completely at rest followed by raising head till sitting erect again saying “Allah is most great” followed by another prostration till all joints return to their proper places again. Finally after raising head saying takbir completes the prayer.

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