Treat everyone fairly under the law regardless of their background or status in society

This hadith speaks to the importance of justice and equality when it comes to punishment. It was narrated by 'A'ishah that a woman was brought to the Prophet for stealing something, and people were hesitant to speak with him about it. Usamah spoke with him instead, and he said that if Fatimah bint Muhammad were to steal something, he would cut off her hand as a form of punishment. This shows that no matter who commits a crime, they should be punished equally according to Islamic law - even if they are from an important family or have high social standing. This hadith teaches us that everyone should be treated fairly under the law regardless of their background or status in society.