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Sunan an-Nasai 4811 (Book 45, Hadith 106) #19344
Freedom and Inheritance for Slaves

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) taught that a slave who has paid off part of their freedom should be given freedom to the extent of what they have paid, and should receive inheritance in proportion to the amount they have paid.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas tht the Prophet said: "The Mukatab is free to the extent that the has paid off (toward buying his freedom); he Hadd punishment should be carried out on him proportionate to the amount he has paid off (toward buying his freedom); and he inherits proportionate to the amount he has paid off (toward buying his freedom)".
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ النَّقَّاشِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ هَارُونَ - قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ خِلاَسٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، وَعَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ ‏ "‏ الْمُكَاتَبُ يَعْتِقُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى وَيُقَامُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ بِقَدْرِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ وَيَرِثُ بِقَدْرِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ

TOPICS
proportionate  *  freedom  *  mukatab  *  hadd

QUICK LESSONS:
Treat slaves fairly and justly according to how much money was owed for their freedom. Give them inheritance in proportion with what has been already paid for buying his/her own freedom.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us about the importance of justice and fairness when it comes to dealing with slaves. The Prophet Muhammad taught that if a slave has paid off part of their freedom, then they should be given freedom to the extent of what they have already paid, and also receive inheritance in proportion to the amount they have already paid. This is an important lesson on justice as it shows us that even those who are not free must still be treated fairly and justly. It also teaches us about compassion as it shows us that we must take into account people's circumstances when making decisions about them.

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