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Sahih al-Bukhari 2004 (Book 30, Hadith 109) #1922
Fasting on Ashura Day

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) saw the Jews fasting on the day of Ashura and asked them why they were doing so. They replied that it was a day of celebration for when Allah saved Bani Israel from their enemy, and Moses fasted on this day. The Prophet then said that Muslims have more claim over Moses than the Jews, and thus ordered Muslims to fast on this day as well.

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: The Prophet came to Medina and saw the Jews fasting on the day of Ashura. He asked them about that. They replied, "This is a good day, the day on which Allah rescued Bani Israel from their enemy. So, Moses fasted this day". The Prophet said, "We have more claim over Moses than you". So, the Prophet fasted on that day and ordered (the Muslims) to fast (on that day).
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَرَأَى الْيَهُودَ تَصُومُ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ، فَقَالَ ‏"‏ مَا هَذَا ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا هَذَا يَوْمٌ صَالِحٌ، هَذَا يَوْمٌ نَجَّى اللَّهُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِمْ، فَصَامَهُ مُوسَى‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِمُوسَى مِنْكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ‏.‏

TOPICS
fasting  *  prophetmuhammad  *  moses  *  sawm  *  aashooraa  *  muhammad  *  musa  *  israaeel  *  ashura  *  baniisrael

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow what prophet has ordered us to do .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how the Prophet Muhammad saw the Jews fasting on the day of Ashura, which is a special day for them as it marks when Allah saved Bani Israel from their enemy. When asked why they were fasting, they replied that it was because Moses had done so in celebration of this event. The Prophet then said that Muslims have more claim over Moses than Jews do, and thus ordered all Muslims to also fast on this day in remembrance of Allah's mercy towards His people. This hadith teaches us to be thankful for all blessings we receive from Allah and to remember His mercy towards us by celebrating special days such as Ashura with fasting or other acts of worship.

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