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Sunan an-Nasai 4048 (Book 37, Hadith 83) #18581
Shedding Blood of a Muslim

SUMMARY: It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases: adultery, murder, and apostasy.

It was narrated from 'Aishah that: The Messenger of Allah SAW said: "It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases: An adulterer who had been married, who should be stoned to death; a man who killed another man intentionally, who should be killed; and a man who left Islam and waged war against Allah, the Might and Sublime, and His Messenger, who should be killed, or crucified, or banished from the land".
أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ الْعَقَدِيُّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ طَهْمَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ رُفَيْعٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏ "‏ لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلاَّ بِإِحْدَى ثَلاَثِ خِصَالٍ زَانٍ مُحْصَنٌ يُرْجَمُ أَوْ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ رَجُلاً مُتَعَمِّدًا فَيُقْتَلُ أَوْ رَجُلٌ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الإِسْلاَمِ يُحَارِبُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَرَسُولَهُ فَيُقْتَلُ أَوْ يُصْلَبُ أَوْ يُنْفَى مِنَ الأَرْضِ

TOPICS
dam  *  blood  *  muslim  *  adultery  *  murder  *  apostasy  *  mumin  *  zina  *  qatl  *  irtidad

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect for life
EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains that it is not allowed to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases. The first case is adultery, which should be punished by stoning. The second case is murder, which should be punished by death. The third case is apostasy or leaving Islam and waging war against Allah and His Messenger, which should be punished by death or crucifixion or banishment from the land. These punishments are prescribed for protecting the sanctity of life and maintaining peace in society.

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