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Sunan an-Nasai 3642 (Book 30, Hadith 32) #18256
Inheritance and Bequests

SUMMARY: It is not permissible to give bequests to an heir as Allah has already given them a share of the inheritance.

It was narrated from Shahr bin Hawshab that Ibn Ghanm mentioned that Ibn Kharijah told him that he saw the Messenger of Allah addressing the people from atop his mount, which was chewing its cud and its saliva was dripping down. The Messenger of Allah said in his Khutbah: "Allah has given each person a share of the inheritance, and it is not permissible to give bequests to an heir".
أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ غَنْمٍ، ذَكَرَ أَنَّ ابْنَ خَارِجَةَ، ذَكَرَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ وَإِنَّهَا لَتَقْصَعُ بِجِرَّتِهَا وَإِنَّ لُعَابَهَا لَيَسِيلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ ‏ "‏ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ قَسَّمَ لِكُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ قِسْمَهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ فَلاَ تَجُوزُ لِوَارِثٍ وَصِيَّةٌ

TOPICS
inheritance  *  bequest  *  share  *  faraidh  *  wasiyyah

QUICK LESSONS:
Remember your duties towards God and His religion no matter what situation you are in; Give everyone their fair share according to what has been prescribed by God; Do not give any extra money or possessions as bequests when it comes to inheritance; Respect the laws set out by God regarding wealth distribution among heirs; Follow Islamic teachings on matters related with wealth distribution among heirs; Uphold fairness while distributing wealth among heirs .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about inheritance and bequests. According to this hadith, it is not permissible for someone to give a bequest to an heir as they have already been given a share of the inheritance by Allah. The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was delivering this message from atop his mount which was chewing its cud and its saliva was dripping down. This shows that even in such a situation he did not forget his duty of conveying the message of Islam. This hadith teaches us that we should always remember our duties towards Allah and His religion no matter what situation we are in or how busy we are with our daily lives. We should also remember that when it comes to inheritance, everyone has been given their fair share by Allah so there is no need for us to give any extra money or possessions as bequests.

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