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Sahih Muslim 1842a (Book 33, Hadith 71) #11881
Obeying Caliphs and Accountability to God

SUMMARY: The Prophet (PBUH) informs his companions that after him, there will be many caliphs and they should obey the one to whom allegiance is sworn first. God will question them about the subjects entrusted to them.

It has been narrated by Abu Huraira that the Prophet (may peace be upon him) said: Banu Isra'il were ruled over by the Prophets. When one Prophet died, another succeeded him; but after me there is no prophet and there will be caliphs and they will be quite large in number. His Companions said: What do you order us to do (in case we come to have more than one Caliph)? He said: The one to whom allegiance is sworn first has a supremacy over the others. Concede to them their due rights (i. e. obey them). God (Himself) will question them about the subjects whom He had entrusted to them.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ فُرَاتٍ الْقَزَّازِ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، قَالَ قَاعَدْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ خَمْسَ سِنِينَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يُحَدِّثُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ ‏"‏ كَانَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ تَسُوسُهُمُ الأَنْبِيَاءُ كُلَّمَا هَلَكَ نَبِيٌّ خَلَفَهُ نَبِيٌّ وَإِنَّهُ لاَ نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي وَسَتَكُونُ خُلَفَاءُ فَتَكْثُرُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا قَالَ ‏"‏ فُوا بِبَيْعَةِ الأَوَّلِ فَالأَوَّلِ وَأَعْطُوهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَائِلُهُمْ عَمَّا اسْتَرْعَاهُمْ

TOPICS
caliph  *  allegiance  *  obedience  *  subjects  *  accountability  *  alkhaleefah  *  alwalaa  *  attaaah  *  bihi  *  almusaawwilah

QUICK LESSONS:
Obey caliphs , Concede due rights , Be accountable .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith was narrated by Abu Huraira and it speaks of the importance of obeying caliphs after the Prophet Muhammad's death. The Prophet Muhammad informed his companions that Banu Isra'il were ruled over by Prophets who succeeded each other when one died. After him however there would be no more prophets but instead many caliphs who should be obeyed. He also said that whoever is sworn allegiance first has a supremacy over others and they must concede their due rights to them as well as being accountable for any subjects entrusted to them by God Himself.

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