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Sahih Muslim 1745b (Book 32, Hadith 31) #11659
Permissibility of Killing Children in War

SUMMARY: Killing the children of polytheists is allowed in war.

It is narrated by Sa'b b. Jaththama that he said (to the Holy Prophet): Messenger of Allah, we kill the children of the polytheists during the night raids. He said: They are from them.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ، اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ الصَّعْبِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ، قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا نُصِيبُ فِي الْبَيَاتِ مِنْ ذَرَارِيِّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ ‏ "‏ هُمْ مِنْهُمْ

TOPICS
war  *  polytheism  *  permissible

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow Islamic teachings and laws even when engaging in a war with disbelievers/polytheists; Respect life; Take responsibility for actions taken against disbelievers/polytheists; Show justice towards all parties involved in a conflict regardless of their beliefs or religion; Do not take lightly any action taken against those who oppose Islam and its teachings even if they are innocents; Be compassionate towards innocents caught up in conflicts between Muslims and non-Muslims .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about the permissibility of killing children during a war. It was narrated by Sa'b b. Jaththama that he asked the Prophet Muhammad if it was permissible to kill the children of polytheists during night raids, and he replied that they are from them, meaning it is permissible to do so. This hadith teaches us that although killing innocent people is not allowed, it can be done in certain circumstances such as when engaging in a war with those who practice polytheism or disbelief. It also teaches us that we should not take lightly any action taken against those who oppose Islam and its teachings, even if they are innocent children.

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