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Sahih Muslim 1657b (Book 27, Hadith 46) #11410
The Mercy of Slavery

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the importance of treating slaves with kindness and mercy, and that if a slave is beaten without any serious fault, then they should be set free.

Zadhan reported that Ibn Umar called his slave and he found the marks (of beating) upon his back. He said to him: I have caused you pain. He said: #But he (Ibn Umar) said: You are free. He then took hold of something from the earth and said: There is no reward for me even to the weight equal to it. I heard Allah's Messenger as saying: He who beats a slave without cognizable offence of his or slaps him (without any serious fault), then expiation for it is that he should set him free.
وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَابْنُ، بَشَّارٍ - وَاللَّفْظُ لاِبْنِ الْمُثَنَّى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ، بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ فِرَاسٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ذَكْوَانَ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ زَاذَانَ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، دَعَا بِغُلاَمٍ لَهُ فَرَأَى بِظَهْرِهِ أَثَرًا فَقَالَ لَهُ أَوْجَعْتُكَ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَنْتَ عَتِيقٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ شَيْئًا مِنَ الأَرْضِ فَقَالَ مَا لِي فِيهِ مِنَ الأَجْرِ مَا يَزِنُ هَذَا إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ مَنْ ضَرَبَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ أَوْ لَطَمَهُ فَإِنَّ كَفَّارَتَهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ

TOPICS
slavery  *  kindness  *  freedom  *  expiation  *  aaabdiyyah  *  hilm  *  hurriyyah  *  kaffarah

QUICK LESSONS:
Treat slaves with kindness and respect; Set slaves free if they are beaten without any serious fault; Show compassion towards those in our service; Remember everyone deserves respect regardless of social status or position in life

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks to the importance of treating slaves with kindness and mercy. It was narrated by Zadhan who reported from Ibn Umar, who called his slave and found marks on his back. He said to him “I have caused you pain” but then decided to set him free as an act of expiation for beating him without any serious fault. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ taught that if someone beats their slave or slaps them without any serious fault, they must set them free as an act of expiation for their wrong-doing. This hadith teaches us the value of being kind to those in our service, even when we are in positions where we may have authority over them. We must remember that everyone deserves respect and kindness regardless of their social status or position in life.

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