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Sahih Muslim 1656c (Book 27, Hadith 41) #11405
Fulfilling Vows and Setting Slaves Free

SUMMARY: Umar asked the Prophet about a vow he had taken during the days of Ignorance and was advised to observe it. The Prophet also gave him a slave girl as part of his spoils of war, which Umar then set free.

'Abdullah b. 'Umar reported that 'Umar b. Khattab asked the Messenger of Allah as he was at ji'rana (a town near Mecca) on his way back from Ta'if: Messenger of Allah, I had taken a vow during the days of Ignorance that I would observe I'tikaf for one day in the Sacred Mosque. So what is your opinion? He said: Go and observe I'tikaf for a day. And Allah's Messenger gave him a slave girl out of the one-fifth (of the spoils of war meant for the Holy Prophet). And when Allah's Messenger (inay peace be upon him) set the war prisoners free'.Umar b. Khattab heard their voice as they were saying: Allah's Messenger has set as free. He (Hadrat 'Umar) said: What is this? They said: Allah's Messenger has set free the prisoners of war (which had fallen to the lot of people). Thereupon he (Hadrat 'Umar) said: Abdullah, go to that slave-girl and set her free.
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ، أَنَّ أَيُّوبَ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ نَافِعًا حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ بِالْجِعْرَانَةِ بَعْدَ أَنْ رَجَعَ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَنْ أَعْتَكِفَ يَوْمًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ فَكَيْفَ تَرَى قَالَ ‏ "‏ اذْهَبْ فَاعْتَكِفْ يَوْمًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَدْ أَعْطَاهُ جَارِيَةً مِنَ الْخُمْسِ فَلَمَّا أَعْتَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سَبَايَا النَّاسِ سَمِعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَصْوَاتَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ أَعْتَقَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا فَقَالُوا أَعْتَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سَبَايَا النَّاسِ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ اذْهَبْ إِلَى تِلْكَ الْجَارِيَةِ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهَا

TOPICS
vow  *  fulfillment  *  slavery  *  freedom  *  nadhr  *  taqeem  *  alabd  *  hurriyya

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive to fulfill your promises or vows no matter how small they may be , Work towards freeing those who are enslaved whenever possible .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about fulfilling vows and setting slaves free. Umar b. Khattab took a vow during the days of Ignorance, before Islam, to observe I'tikaf for one day in the Sacred Mosque. He asked the Prophet what he should do about this vow and was advised to fulfill it by observing I'tikaf for one day in the Sacred Mosque. As part of his spoils from war, he received a slave girl which he then set free when he heard that other prisoners were being freed by Allah's Messenger at that time. This hadith teaches us two important values; firstly, we must always strive to fulfill our promises or vows no matter how small they may be as this is an act pleasing to Allah; secondly, slavery is wrong and we should work towards freeing those who are enslaved whenever possible as this too is an act pleasing to Allah .

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