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Sahih Muslim 1559d (Book 22, Hadith 29) #11114
Rights of the Seller in Insolvency

SUMMARY: When a person is unable to pay for something they have purchased, the seller has more right to reclaim it than anyone else.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle as saying: When a man becomes insolvent (and the other) man (the seller) finds his commodity intact with him, he is more entitled to get it (than anyone else)
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ ‏ "‏ إِذَا أَفْلَسَ الرَّجُلُ فَوَجَدَ الرَّجُلُ مَتَاعَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ

TOPICS
insolvency  *  entitlement  *  reclaim  *  commodity  *  fasad  *  haqq  *  istala  *  maliya

QUICK LESSONS:
Be fair and just in your dealings with others
EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about the rights of a seller when their customer is unable to pay for what they have purchased. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said that if someone becomes insolvent and the commodity remains with them, then the seller has more right to reclaim it than anyone else. This means that if someone cannot afford what they have bought, then it should be returned back to its original owner who can then sell it again or use it as they wish. This hadith teaches us that we should be fair and just in our dealings with others and not take advantage of those who are less fortunate than us. We should also remember that Allah will reward those who are honest and just in their dealings with others.

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