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Sahih Muslim 1540a (Book 21, Hadith 86) #11014
Forbidden Exchange of Dates

SUMMARY: Allah's Messenger forbade buying of fresh dates against dry dates as it is considered Riba, but made an exception for donations of a tree or two.

Bashair b. Yasir reported on the authority of some of the Companions of Allah's Messenger among the members of his family among whom one was Sahl b. Abu Hathma that Allah's Messenger forbade buying of fresh dates against dry dates and that it is Riba and this is Muzabana, but he made an exemption of 'ariyya (donations) of a tree or two in which case the members of a family sell dry dates and buy fresh dates for eating them.
وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ بِلاَلٍ - عَنْ يَحْيَى، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ سَعِيدٍ - عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ، أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ دَارِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ وَقَالَ ‏ "‏ ذَلِكَ الرِّبَا تِلْكَ الْمُزَابَنَةُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ النَّخْلَةِ وَالنَّخْلَتَيْنِ يَأْخُذُهَا أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا يَأْكُلُونَهَا رُطَبًا

TOPICS
dates  *  donation  *  exchange  *  timaar  *  riba  *  infaq  *  muzabana

QUICK LESSONS:
Do not take advantage by charging extra money or goods when lending something out; Be generous with your donations so that others can benefit from them too; Follow Islamic teachings regarding exchanges between people; Respect other people’s property and belongings; Give charity whenever possible; Treat everyone fairly regardless if they are rich or poor; Do not engage in any form of usurious activities such as exchanging one good for another at unequal values .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the prohibition of exchanging fresh dates for dry dates as it is considered riba or usury. Usury is when someone lends money and charges interest on top of the amount that was borrowed. In this case, exchanging fresh dates for dry ones would be similar to charging interest on a loan because the person who has the fresh dates would be receiving more than what they gave in exchange for them. However, there is an exception to this rule which allows people to donate a tree or two and then exchange their dry dates with someone else’s fresh ones in order to eat them. This teaches us that we should not take advantage of others by charging them extra money or goods when lending something out and that we should always be generous with our donations so that others can benefit from them too.

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