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Sahih Muslim 1504f (Book 20, Hadith 12) #10914
The Emancipation of Barirah and Rights of Inheritance

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the emancipation of Barirah and the rights of inheritance that come with it. It also discusses the option given to her after emancipation and how charity should be handled.

'Abd al-Rahman b. al. Qasim reported on the authority of his father: 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) said: There were three issues which were clarified in case of Barirah: her owners had decided to sell her on the condition that the right of her inheritance would vest with them. She ('A'isha) said: I made a mention of that to Allah's Apostle and he said: Buy her and emancipate her, for verily the right of inheritance vests with one who emancipates. She said that she emancipated (her) and Allah's Messenger gave her the option (either to retain her matrimonial alliance or break it after emancipation). She (taking advantage of the option) opted for herself (the severing of matrimonial alliance)'.A'isha said: The people used to give her charity and she gave us that as gift. I made a mention of it to Allah's Apostle , whereupon he said: That is charity for her but gift for you, so take that.
حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ، - وَاللَّفْظُ لِزُهَيْرٍ - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ كَانَ فِي بَرِيرَةَ ثَلاَثُ قَضِيَّاتٍ أَرَادَ أَهْلُهَا أَنْ يَبِيعُوهَا وَيَشْتَرِطُوا وَلاَءَهَا فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ اشْتَرِيهَا وَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّ الْوَلاَءَ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ وَعَتَقَتْ فَخَيَّرَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا ‏.‏ قَالَتْ وَكَانَ النَّاسُ يَتَصَدَّقُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَتُهْدِي لَنَا ‏.‏ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ هُوَ عَلَيْهَا صَدَقَةٌ وَهُوَ لَكُمْ هَدِيَّةٌ فَكُلُوهُ

TOPICS
emancipation  *  rights  *  inheritance  *  charity  *  istifraaj  *  miraath

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect others’ rights , Accept gifts graciously , Be kind & generous .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about a woman named Barirah who was owned by someone else but was going to be sold on the condition that her right to inheritance would remain with them. When 'A'isha heard this, she mentioned it to Allah's Apostle who said that they should buy her and emancipate her so that she could have full control over her inheritance rights. After being emancipated, Allah's Messenger gave Barirah an option either to retain or break off any matrimonial alliance she may have had before being emancipated. She chose to break off any matrimonial alliance she may have had before being freed from slavery. People used to give charity to Barirah which she in turn gave as a gift back, however when this was mentioned in front of Allah's Apostle he said that it was charity for her but a gift for them so they should take it as such.

This Hadith teaches us about the importance of emancipation and how those who are emancipated are entitled their own rights including their right over their own inheritance which cannot be taken away from them even if they were previously owned by someone else or were slaves priorly . It also teaches us about charity and how we should accept gifts graciously without feeling guilty or obligated towards anyone else for taking something given out of kindness .

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