Qur�anic Arabic |
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minuteman
Senior Member Joined: 25 March 2007 Status: Offline Points: 1642 |
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I have checked the lessons from Fatima. They are excellent. I wish there was some easy way of speaking arabic language, the colloquel way. Is there an easy way to learn to speak Arabic as in daily use, common language??? Thanks. |
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Serik
Starter Joined: 24 December 2006 Location: Kazakhstan Status: Offline Points: 4 |
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Assolayam ualeikum ua rahmatullahi! Bros and sis,I have a strong desire to learn reading quran,starting from alphabet,can you advice some softwares for it?
Jezaku Allahu Hayran |
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fatima
Moderator Group Joined: 04 August 2005 Status: Offline Points: 979 |
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Bismillah irrahman irrahim Assalamu alaykum The construct phrase (aliđāfatu) Rule No. 30 Iđāfah consists of two nouns of any gender which are combined together in a phrase indicating their close relationship and generally imparting the meaning of possession. The first noun of the construct phrase (muđāf) provides the meaning of �being possessed� and the second noun (muđāf ilayh) denotes the �possessor�. (A) The second noun �the possessor�: � Always remains in genitive case. � It can remain either definite or indefinite. � It can be a pronoun suffix. (B) The first noun �being possessed�: � Always appears as indefinite with a ĥarakah, short vowel. � Depending on its case it can remain in nominative, accusative or genitive form. � It agrees in meaning in both cases of definiteness and indefiniteness of the second noun. (1) ﺍﷲ ﻜﺘﺎﺐ (Kitābullahi) The Book of Allah. / Allah�s Book Both nouns ﻜﺘﺎﺐKitābu and ﺍﷲ Allahi are closely related with each other and this construction forms a phrase. The first noun ﻜﺘﺎﺐ is written and pronounced as indefinite with a đammah ُ ĥarakah because it is in the nominative case but it gives the definite meaning for its close relationship with the second noun of the phras ﺍﷲ. The second noun is definite and it is in the genitive case (carrying kasrahِ). ﺍﷲ ﻜﺘﺎﺐ ﺍﻠﻘﺮﺁﻥ (AlQur�ānu Kitābullahi) The Qur�ān is the book of Allah. ﺍﻠﻘﺮﺁﻥ is subject and is ﺍﷲ ﻜﺘﺎﺐ predicate. ﺒﻠﺪ ﻋﺎﻠﻢ (�Ālimu baladin) A scholar of a town, the second noun is indefinite. It is in the genitive case carrying kasrah tanwīn. Because of this the first noun is also indefinite, it is an active participle and is in the nominative case. ﻛﺘﺎﺒﻪ (Kitābuhu) His book, Kitābu is the first noun and ﻪ Hu the pronoun suffix stands for the second noun and is free from any genitive effect. In construct phrase pronoun suffix becomes possessive pronoun. ﺍﷲ ﺒﺎﺴﻢ ﻛﺘﺒﺕ (katabtu Bismillahi) I wrote in the name of Allah. Here ﻛﺘﺒﺕ katabtu is the subject and ﺍﷲ ﺒﺎﺴﻢ Bismillahi (in the name of Allah) is the predicate. This predicate is comprised of a construct phrase ﺍﷲ ﺎﺴﻢ (the name of Allah), which is preceded by a preposition Bi (in / with). The second noun of the construct phrase ﺍﷲ is definite and it is in the genitive case (carrying kasrah). The first noun Ismu gives definite meaning, and is in the genitive case (carrying kasrah) because it is preceded by a preposition Bi (in / with). Rule No. 31 If the first noun of a construct phrase is preceded by an interjection / vocative particle ﻴﺎ Yā then its case will be changed into the accusative (carrying a ĥarakah faĥah). The second noun always remains in the genitive case. Example Analysis: ؟ ﺤﺎﻠﻚ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺍﷲ! ﻋﺒﺪ ﻴﺎ (Yā �AbdAllah! Kayfa ĥāluka?) O! servant of Allah how are you? ﺍﷲ ﻋﺒﺪ �AbdAllah is a construct phrase and the first noun �Abda is preceded by yā, a vocative, therefore it carries fatĥah. It is therefore in the accusative and carries fatĥah. Rule No. 32 A few nouns in Arabic including ﺃﺐ Abun, ﺃﺥ Akhun on phonological grounds receive special treatment when any possessive pronoun is attached to them.
Example Analysis: ﺃﺧﻭﻩ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺃﺒﻭﻩ ﻫﺫﺍ (Hāza Abuhu wa Hāza Akhuhu) This is his father and this is his brother. ﺃﺐ Abun, ﺃﺥ Akhun are in nominative case, therefore ﻭ Wāw is added between them and the pronoun suffix ﻩ Hu. ﻷﺨﻳﻪ ﺍﻠﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻷﺑﻳﻪ ﺍﻠﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﺫﺍ (Hāzal kitābu liabihi wahāzal kitābu liakhihi) This book is for his father and this book is for his brother. In this sentence ﺃﺐ Abun, ﺃﺥ Akhun is preceded by the preposition Li (for), therefore they are in the genitive case. ﻱ Ya is added between them and the possessive pronoun ﻪ Hi. ﻤﻊ M�ā (with, together with / and ﻋﻨﺪ �inda at, with) are prepositions which change the nouns into the genitive case. ﺍﻠﻮﻠﺪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻠﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﻨﻠﻚ (Dhalikal kitābu �indal waladi) That book is with the boy. The noun ﺍﻠﻮﻠﺪ alwaladu is preceded by the preposition ﻋﻨﺪ �inda at, with, therefore it is in the genitive case and carries a kasrah.
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Say: (O Muhammad) If you love Allah, then follow me, Allah will love you and forgive you your faults, and Allah is Forgiving, MercifuL
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fatima
Moderator Group Joined: 04 August 2005 Status: Offline Points: 979 |
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Bismillah irrahman irrahim Assalamu alaykum Lesson 4 ﺛﻮﺍﺐ (thawābun) Reward ﻋﺬﺍﺐ (�Adhabun) Punishment ﺍﻠﺠﻨﺔ (Aljannatu) Paradise ﺍﻠﻨﺎﺮ (Annāru) Hell ﺍﻠﻪ (Ilāhun) ( M1 ) God ﺴﻮﺮﺓ (Suratun) ( F1 )Chapter of the Qur�ān ﻋﺒﺪ (�Abdun) ( M1 ) Slave, servant ﺤﺎﻞ (Ĥālun) ( M1 ) Condition ﺍﺴﻢ (Issmun) ( M1 ) Name ﺃﺨﺖ (Ukhtun) ( F1 ) Sister ﻤﻊ (Ma�a) At, near, with, by, on (of place time and possession), upon, in the opinion of ﻜﻴﻒ (Kayfa) How ﻜﻞ (Kullu) All, each, every ﺤﻤﺪ (Ĥamida) To praise ﺤﻤﺪ (Ĥamdun) Praise ﻫﻠﻚ (Halaka) To perish ﻫﺎﻠﻚ (hālikun) Perishing ﺨﻠﻖ (Khalaqa) To create ﺨﺎﻠﻖ (Khāliqun) Creator ﻘﺎﻞ (Qāla) To say ﺼﺎﻢ (Şāma) To fast ﻜﺎﻥ (Kāna) To be ﻘﺎﻢ (Qāma) To stand ﻧﺎﻢ (Nāma) To sleep ﺠﺎﺀ (Jāa) To come ﻋﻨﺪ (�Inda) With, together with, accompanied by, in company of ﺿﻴﺎﺀ (Điyāun) Light ﺸﻲﺀ (Shayun) Thing ﺍﻠﺮﺤﻤﻦ (Arraĥmānu) The Mercifull
Wassalam |
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Say: (O Muhammad) If you love Allah, then follow me, Allah will love you and forgive you your faults, and Allah is Forgiving, MercifuL
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fatima
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Bismillah irrahman irrahim Assalamu alaykum The combination of interrogative particles: The interrogative particles from lesson 1 are combined with the prepositions in this lesson and one more interrogative particle ﺃﻴﻦ Ayna (where?) is added. In Arabic some interrogative particles can be combined with propositions.
Rule No. 28 If an interrogative particle is combined with a preposition, the preposition will not have any genitive effect on the interrogative particle because interrogative particles are indeclinable. Example Analysis: In example no 5 ﻠﻤﻦ Liman, the preposition Li is combined with mann. The final consonant will remain sākin quiescent unless there is a need to join it with another noun which begins with Hamat al-wasl, the connecting Hamzah (see Rule No 20). ﺍﻠﻤﻠﻚ ﻠﻤﻦ Limanil mulku? Here Mann carries kasrah because it is combined with Mulku, where as in case of ﺍﻠﺤﺮﺚ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻠﻤﻦ liman Hāzal ĥarrthu, it retains its sākin quiescent form. Pronoun Suffix The following are the singular pronoun suffixes: ﻪُ Hu (IIIM1) ﻫﺎ Hā (IIIF1) ﻚَ Ka (IIM1) ﻚِ Ki (IIF1) ﻨﻲ/ﻱِ Nī/Yi (IM1 + F1) Rule No. 29 Pronoun suffixes can be combined with prepositions. When these are combined they give the meaning of both the pronoun suffixes and the prepositions employed. Example No. 1 ﻤﻦ Minn (From) + ﻪ Hu (him) = ﻤﻨﻪ Minhu, from him ﻤﻦ Minn (From) + ﻫﺎ Hā (her) = ﻤﻨﻫﺎ Minhā, from her ﻤﻦ Minn (From) + ﻚ Ka (you M1) = ﻤﻨﻚ Minka, from you ﻤﻦ Minn (From) + ﻚِ Ki (you F1) = ﻤﻨﻚ Minki, from you ﻤﻦ Minn (From) + ﻨﻲ/ﻱِ Nī/Yi (me M1 + F1) = ﻤﻨﻲ minnī, from me ﺇﻠﻰ (Ilay) + ﻪ Hu, on phonetical grounds Hu turns into Hi = ﺍﻠﻴﻪ ilayhi and ﺇﻠﻰ (Ilay) + ﻱ Yi = ﺇﻠﻲﱠ illahha. Same applies to ﻋﻠﻰ (�Alay) On and ﻔﻲ (Fi) In.
Wassalam |
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Say: (O Muhammad) If you love Allah, then follow me, Allah will love you and forgive you your faults, and Allah is Forgiving, MercifuL
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fatima
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Bismillah irrahman irrahim Assalamu alaykum Lesson 3 ﺮﺐﱞ (Rabbun) Nourisher, Cherisher, Sustainer, Lord ﻤﻠﻚ (Mulkun) ( M1 ) Kingdom ﺃﺮﺾ (Arđun) ( F1 ) Earth ﻤﺴﺠﺩ (Masjidun) ( M1 ) Mosque ﺻﻼﺓ (Şalātun) ( F1 ) Prayer ﺨﻴﺮ (Khayrun) Virtue, good ﺸﺮ (Sharrun) Evil, vice ﺸﻴﻂﺎﻥ (Shaytānun) ( M1 ) Satan ﺒﻴﺖ (Baytun) ( M ) House ﻤﺩﺮﺴﺔ (Madrasatun) ( F1 ) School ﺒﺤﺮ (Baĥrun) ( M1 ) Sea ﻴﺎ (Ya/Yā) ( M+ F ) O! ﺃﻴﻫﺎ (Ayyuha) ( M ) O! ﺃﻴﺘﻫﺎ (ayyatuha) ( F ) O! ﺨﻠﻖ (Khalaqa) To create ﻨﺰﻞ (Nazala) To descend ﻜﻔﺮ (Kafara) To reject, to disbelieve ﺸﺮﺐ (Shariba) To drink ﻔﻫﻢ (Fahima) To understand ﺮﺠﻊ (Raja�a) To return ﻤﻦ (Minn) From ﺇﻠﻰ (Ila) To ﺒِ (Bi) With ﻠِ (Li) For ﻋﻠﻰ (�Alay) On ﻔﻲ (Fi) In ﺘﻮﺮﺍﺓ (Taorātun/Taorāh) Torah ﺇﻨﺠﻴﻞ (Injīlun) Gospel ﺰﺒﻮﺮ (Zaburun) Psalm ﺃﻴﻦ (Ayna) Where Genitive Case Rule No. 25 Seventeen particles are used in the Arabic as prepositions. If one of them appears before noun, it changes the noun into genitive case. In the genitive case, nouns accept either kasrah or kasrah tanwin depending on whether they are definite or indefinite. Example Analysis: In the glossary the words ﻋﻠﻰ (� ﺍﻠﻐﺮﻔﺔ ﻔﻲ ﻫﻮ Huwa fil ghurfati (He is in the room.) The preposition ﻔﻲ (Fi) appears before the noun ﺍﻠﻐﺮﻔﺔ alghurfati and is one of the particles which requires the genitive case. Therefore, Ta of ﺍﻠﻐﺮﻔﺔ alghurfati carries kasrah without tanwin because the noun is definite. ﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺇﻠﻰ ﺒﻴﺖ ﻤﻦ Minn baytin ila masjidin (From a house to a mosque) ﻤﻦ (from) and ﺇﻠﻰ (to) are prepositions and requires the genitive particles appear before the nouns ﺒﻴﺖ baytin and ﻤﺴﺠﺩ masjidin respectively. As both these nouns are indefinite, their final consonants, therefore, carry kasrah tanwin. Interjection/ Vocative particles ﻴﺎ (Ya/Yā) ( M+ F ) O! ﺃﻴﻫﺎ (Ayyuha) ( M ) O! ﺃﻴﺘﻫﺎ (ayyatuha) ( F ) O! In their daily conversation Arabs use interjection particles for inviting the attention of person/s. Rule No. 26 The particle for interjection ﻴﺎ (Ya/Yā) ( M+ F ) O! cannot be followed by a noun with a definite article ﺃﻠ (al). This particle can also be used for both genders. Example Analysis: ؟ ﻫذﻩ ﻤﺎ ! ﻮﻠﺪ ﻴﺎ Ya waladu! Ma Hādhihi (O boy! What is this ( F1 ) ?) The particle for interjection ﻴﺎ Ya is followed by the noun ﻮﻠﺪ waladu. Although the definite article ﺃﻠ (al) is not applied after Ya, the noun is construed as definite because the speaker is addressing a specific person, therefore, it is written without tanwin. Rule No. 27 The particles for interjection ﺃﻴﻫﺎ (Ayyuha) ( M ) O!, ﺃﻴﺘﻫﺎ (ayyatuha) ( F ) O! are always followed by nouns with the definite article ﺃﻠ (al).
Wassalam |
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Say: (O Muhammad) If you love Allah, then follow me, Allah will love you and forgive you your faults, and Allah is Forgiving, MercifuL
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Alwardah
Senior Member Joined: 25 March 2005 Location: South Africa Status: Offline Points: 980 |
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As Salamu Alaikum Alhamdulillah you are resuming the thread. I can't help much as I battled to learn Arabic and am still learning from here and other books. However, while learning the Qur'anic Arabic, I did not pay much attention to Grammar or syntax. Masha Allah you are doing a great job. May Allah reward you for your efforts Ameen Salams |
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�Verily your Lord is quick in punishment; yet He is indeed Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful (Surah Al-An�am 6:165)
"Indeed, we belong to Allah and to Him is our return" (Surah Baqarah 2: 155) |
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