World Affairs

Game Theory and the Weaponization of Hunger: Strategic Starvation in Gaza as a Tool of Genocidal Control

By: Habib Siddiqui   August 23, 2025
credit: ayun

In the realm of game theory, players act strategically to maximize their outcomes. But when the game is war and the objective is domination, the strategies employed can become not only ruthless but genocidal.

Israel's deliberate starvation of Gaza, now recognized by over 100 humanitarian organizations as a form of mass extermination, fits disturbingly well into a game-theoretic framework-where the logic of coercion, deterrence, and payoff manipulation is used to justify the destruction of an entire population.

Starvation as Strategic Coercion

Game theory often models conflict as a series of moves where players seek to alter the behavior of opponents by changing their incentives. In Gaza, Israel's siege has created a scenario where basic survival-access to food, water, and medicine-is no longer guaranteed. This is not collateral damage; it is a deliberate restructuring of the payoff matrix for Palestinians. The choices are grim: surrender, flee, or die.

According to Amnesty International, humanitarian workers themselves are now joining food lines, risking being shot just to feed their families. The siege has led to the deaths of over 111 people from starvation and malnutrition, with thousands more injured or displaced. This is coercion at its most brutal-where the cost of resistance is not just political or military, but existential.

Rational Irrationality and Deterrence

One of the more unsettling concepts in game theory is "rational irrationality"-where a player adopts seemingly reckless or extreme behavior to appear unpredictable, dangerous and unrestrained, thereby gaining strategic leverage. Israeli leadership under Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has epitomized this principle. Despite mounting global condemnation, including accusations of genocide from the International Criminal Court (ICC) and widespread humanitarian outrage, Israel has continued its siege and starvation campaign in Gaza.

This defiance is not a breakdown of logic-it is a calculated move. By ignoring international norms and legal threats, Netanyahu's government signals to adversaries and allies alike that it is willing to escalate beyond the boundaries of conventional warfare. This posture serves as a deterrent, warning others that Israel will not be constrained by global opinion or legal accountability when pursuing its strategic objectives.

In game-theoretic terms, this is a classic example of credibility through extremity: the more irrational a player appears, the more seriously their threats are taken. But in this case, the cost of that credibility is borne by an entire civilian population-making the strategy not only dangerous, but morally indefensible.

The starvation of Gaza serves as a grim precedent, warning other resistance movements and states that defiance will be met with total deprivation.

Destroying the Game Space

In game theory, repeated interactions allow for cooperation, negotiation, and equilibrium. But when one player systematically destroys the infrastructure needed for life-schools, hospitals, markets-the game space itself collapses. Israel's strategy in Gaza is not about winning a round; it's about ending the game by eliminating the other player's capacity to participate.

Human Rights Watch has described Israel's latest plans as inching closer to extermination. Nearly two million Palestinians have been forcibly displaced, confined to less than 12% of Gaza's territory. Aid trucks average just 28 per day-far below the minimum needed for survival. Markets are empty, diseases are spreading, and children are telling their parents they want to go to heaven because "at least heaven has food."

This is not a breakdown of strategy-it is strategy itself. The destruction of Gaza's civil society is a calculated move to remove any possibility of resistance, negotiation, or even existence.

Third-Party Signaling and Global Complicity

Game theory also accounts for third-party players-those who observe the game and may intervene. Israel's starvation strategy sends a signal to these actors, particularly Western allies: we can act with impunity. The lack of meaningful consequences reinforces a meta-game where international norms are selectively enforced, and genocide becomes a viable strategy for state actors with sufficient backing.

More than 100 NGOs, including Mercy Corps and Doctors Without Borders, have called for an immediate ceasefire and the lifting of all restrictions on humanitarian aid. Yet, promises of progress from the EU and Israel ring hollow when no real change occurs on the ground. This selective enforcement of humanitarian law undermines the credibility of international institutions and emboldens future violations.

Ethical and Legal Breakdown

While game theory can model these strategies, it does not justify them. The starvation of civilians as a method of warfare is a war crime, and when used systematically, it constitutes genocide. The logic of game theory here reveals not strategic brilliance, but the moral collapse of a system that treats human lives as expendable variables.

The UN has confirmed that over 875 Palestinians were killed while seeking food-201 on aid routes and the rest at distribution points. These are not unintended casualties; they are the direct result of a strategy that weaponizes hunger. The ethical implications are profound: when the rules of the game reward cruelty, the game itself must be changed.

Rewriting the Rules

Game theory helps us understand the logic behind Israel's starvation strategy in Gaza-but it also forces us to confront the inhumanity of that logic. When strategic dominance is pursued through the deliberate infliction of suffering, the game ceases to be a contest of ideas or policies. It becomes a mechanism of extermination.

To restore humanity, we must rewrite the rules. International law must be enforced consistently. Humanitarian aid must be protected. And the global community must recognize that starvation is not a tactic-it is a crime.

Dr. Siddiqui, a peace and rights activist, has successfully deployed operational excellence initiatives for four major multi-national corporations.

Author: Habib Siddiqui   August 23, 2025
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