Arab Americans and American Muslims Are at Risk

Category: Americas, Featured, World Affairs Topics: Arab American Institute, Arab Americans Views: 3773
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This past week the Arab American Institute (AAI) released its third biannual poll of American attitudes toward Arabs and Muslims. Conducted by Zogby Analytics, 1100 likely voters were surveyed nationwide. The results were deeply troubling. 

What we found was that there has been a continued erosion in the favorable ratings Americans have of both Arabs and Muslims, posing a threat to the civil rights and political inclusion of both Arab Americans and American Muslims. For example, in 2010 favorable ratings for Arabs were 43 percent. They have now declined to 32 percent. For Muslims, the ratings dropped from 36 percent in 2010, to 27 percent in the 2014 survey. 

A direct consequence of this disturbing downward slide can be seen in the substantial number of Americans (42 percent) who say that they support the use of profiling by law enforcement against Arab Americans and American Muslims and a growing percentage of Americans who say that they lack confidence in the ability of individuals from either community to perform their duties as Americans should they be appointed to important government positions. Thirty-six percent of respondents felt that the decisions made by Arab Americans would be influenced by their ethnicity, while 42 percent of respondents felt that American Muslims would be negatively influenced by their religion. 

In the responses to every question covered by the poll, we found a deep partisan split. For example, when respondents were asked whether they believed individuals from either community could perform their duties in an important government post without their loyalties to their ethnicity or religion getting in the way- by a two-to-one margin Democrats express confidence in the loyalty of their fellow citizens who are of Arab descent or the Muslim faith. By the same two-to-one margin, Republicans said that they feared that the loyalties of members of these communities would be compromised by their ethnicity or religion. 

On closer examination, it appears that the differences in the attitudes of Democrats and Republicans mask a deeper demographic divide. Younger and non-white Americans have more favorable views and are more protective of rights and respectful of the loyalties of Arab Americans and American Muslims. Across the board, the gaps between younger and older voters and white and non-white voters are striking. For example, by a two-to-one margin Democrats, younger Americans, and non-whites oppose the use of profiling by law enforcement against the two communities; while the attitudes of Republicans, older Americans, and whites are two-to-one in favor of this discriminatory practice. 

Given the persistence of negative Arab and Muslim stereotypes in popular culture and the pervasive bias in media reporting, an explanation for these divides may be found in the different life experiences of these groups of Americans and the sources they utilize to get their news about the world. Other polling by Zogby Analytics demonstrates that younger Americans have developed a more inclusive and tolerant worldview as a result of their broader exposure to the internet and social media. Older Americans, on the other hand, rely on more limited traditional sources of information. 

Our polling establishes that an additional factor that is important in shaping attitudes toward Arabs and Muslims comes from direct exposure to Arab Americans and American Muslims. Americans who say they know either Arabs or Muslims have significantly higher favorable attitudes toward both (33 percent higher in both cases) and also have greater confidence in their ability to serve in important government positions. This is especially true among younger and non-white Americans, greater percentages of whom indicate that they know Arabs and Muslims and have more favorable attitudes toward both communities.

Another of the poll's findings establishes that a majority of Americans say that they feel that do not know enough about Arab history and people (57 percent) or about Islam and Muslims (52 percent). Evidence of this lack of knowledge comes through clearly in other poll responses where respondents wrongly conflate the two communities. For example, by a two-to-one margin Americans say that they believe that most Arab Americans are Muslim, while in reality about one-third are. Similarly, opinions are evenly divided on whether the majority of American Muslims are Arab. In fact, only a one-quarter of all American Muslims are of Arab descent.

The way forward is clear. Education about and exposure to Arab Americans and American Muslims are central to the efforts to create greater understanding of these growing communities of American citizens and to insuring that their rights are secured. Media has a role and politicians have a responsibility. Hollywood's negative stereotypes and media's obsession with negative stories not only feed misunderstanding, they threaten the rights and security of American citizens who are of Arab descent or of the Muslim faith. Irresponsible political leaders who fuel Islamophobia must also be called to account. When the GOP launched its 2010 campaign against the construction of an Islamic Center in lower Manhattan and when the majority of GOP presidential candidates in 2012 stated that they would require special loyalty oaths from any Muslim who sought to serve in government, damage was done. But Arab Americans and American Muslims have responsibilities, as well. The communities must do more to make themselves known through civic engagement, education, and political empowerment. If the poll's declining favorable ratings teach us anything it is that passivity has consequences. The challenge is clear and must be met. 

*****

Dr. James J. Zogby is The President of Arab American Institutes.


  Category: Americas, Featured, World Affairs
  Topics: Arab American Institute, Arab Americans
Views: 3773

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Older Comments:
JOE NDLULI FROM UK said:
Article states that the results indicate the favorable ratings for Arabs and Muslims decreased.
Well, Muslims should not be surprised by this considering what is taking place, by Islamists, in Central Africa (Boko Haram), across North Africa, and the slaughter in the Middle East (ISIS).
These so-called Islamists or Jihadists are Muslims. You may consider them to be confused on doctrinal issues - but they are Muslims and as such are the 'shop window' for Islam.
Question: why do Muslims have freedom of worship and association in the West. But in Arab countries, Christians and Jews do not have this reciprocal treatment?
2014-08-16

ROBERT FROM USA said:
As American knowledge of Islam grows, and world events by Muslims continue, it becomes evident that the goal of Muslims is to eliminate non-Muslims. So why should we be so accepting of people whose ultimate goal is to increase their numbers so they can take over the city and institute Islam and Sharia law? USA is a country where people are free to practice their religion as long as it does not infringe on rights of others. This will never change and any honor killings or whatever that is illegal will not be tolerated. If you want to have Sharia law, go live in Muslim countries. And you have no proof your religion is correct, that Mohammed was the last prophet, or a prophet at all for that matter. And you will not even question the thought. So it is an ideology you have really. You cannot expect everyone to convert even through force. That is management by fear and against every other religion. Islam is the only right one? That is quite ostentatious. And the fact that Mohammed says it is OK to lie to further Islam makes whatever any Muslim say questionable and not taken seriously. And many unbiased that have researched Islam over the centuries have not found the claims to be valid. If they were, more would be Muslims outside the middle east. Christianity is far more valid. Muslims say they Jesus was a prophet. SO why don't they listen to him??? Islam appears to be the religion of loopholes- there is always a legit reason to sin. Jesus never taught any of that- we are all the same- Jews and Gentiles in God's eye. And you don't work or pray your way to heaven. I could go on and on as to the contradictions of Islam.
2014-08-10

DR. HAKIM FROM UNITED STATES said:
Dr. Zogby,

Arabs may be at risk. African Americans and Muslims are not. Insha Allah. Historical precedent of the Muslim African American belies the polls , opinions, hate , prejudice, racial profiling and everything else the dajjal system can come up with. " He who fails to learn history is doomed to repeat it" Cicero" " History is the best reward for all research" Elijah Muhammad " " Travel through the land and see what happened to those before you" Quran . Had it not been for the courageous stand of African Americans fueled by faith in Allah I doubt if the risk of Arabs and Muslims would even be a consideration.
2014-08-07